Reflections on Our Wounded Identities in Law :: Free Essays Online

Reflections on Our Wounded Identities in LawInspired strongly by Nietzsches thesis of the thwarted depart to power and ressentiment, Wendy Brown claims in her book, States of Injury, that a variety of feminist projects, despite their good intention, reflect and reinforce inadvertently the sexualized and masculinist character of the states, politics, and cultures. The inscription of the gendered identities in legal and political discourses reaffirms the historical injuries constitutional of those identities. Influenced by postmodern feminism, Brown seeks a non-binary, non-oppositional alternative discourse for sharing power instead of being protected from the power or seeking vindicate and punishment. The authors suggestion to stay away from the identity politics and self-victimization seems timely and well-addressed especially when social conservatives sharply capture this aspect and label it as victim feminism. Then the question is, how should we translate the authors recognitio n into legal reforms for gender equality? How do we at the same time subjugate undermining the previous achievements in gender equality made by the efforts of liberal, radical, and socialist feminists? To discuss this issue, we may start by examining the area of feminist jurisprudence and face into several Supreme Court cases, in which we can find the unfortunate side effects of relying on the state. Law has been one of the most critical field to which feminist theorists bring in paid a great deal of attention. Laws relation to women and its role in advancing feminist agenda have been fiercely discussed and debated by many prominent feminists. Among them, Catharine MacKinnon is well known for her radical perspectives on the law. Assuming inequality rather than equality between individuals, MacKinnon argues that women are non equal to men due to the unequal power distribution. According to MacKinnon, since law is male, it will reinforce existing distributions of power when it mos t closely adheres to its own highest paragon of fairness.1 Her critics, however, point out that her radical theories tend to over-privilege the power of law and such power would be reinforced when it is targeted as the main site for feminist politics to raise women to the male standard.2 This criticism seems precisely in line with Browns theme in States of Injury. It is the male position that MacKinnon desires. The desire is the thwarted will to power, or ressentiment, in the words of Nietzsche. By articulating their grievances in terms of equal rights and confining their struggle to litigation and lobbying, according to Diane Polan, women are giving an approval to the staple social order and giving up the battle for more radical challenges to society.

Merchant Of Venice - Antonio And Shylock :: Free Merchant of Venice Essays

William Shakespeare shows how two tradesmen can take over completely distinguishable lives when others candidate them otherwise in the play The Merchant of Venice. In the play, Bassanio, Antonios friend, needs money to pursue his love. They seek a loan from loan shark, a Jewish usurer in Antonios name. The contract is for three times the value of the bond in three months or else loan shark cuts off a pound of build from Antonio. opus all this is happening, there are love plots going on. One of which is for Shylocks daughter to elope with Lorenzo, a Christian. Later on, Antonios book of facts of money, his ship, is inform sunken in the English Channel, dooming him to the loss of one pound of his flesh. There is a trial on the bond, and when it seems sure that Antonio lead die, Portia, disguised as a doctor of laws legally gets Antonio out of the situation and Shylock recieves harsh penalties. Antonio and Shylock, two similar seammen of Venice, are viewed differently and are treated oppositely to stand up the drama of the play and mold a more interesting plot.Antonio and Shylock are both successful entrepreneurs in Venice but they both have different attitudes and experiences. When Antonio is asking Shylock for the loan he says, Within these two months thats a month before this bond expires I do expect, bring round of thrice times the value of this bond. (1.3.169-170). Antonio and Shylock both are well off and successful businessmen. Antonio, being a man who is treats everyone nicely, lends his good name to Bassanio to coquet Portia. Shylock on the other hand, could never do that and is a very greedy man who asks for three times the value of the loan. Also, Antonio is a risk taker and thinks things will always go the right way for him and his success will continue, which is shown when he accepts the high interest rate and the bizarre payment if the money isnt received. Shylock handles his business straightforward and charges interest because i t is his job, although being a very high amount and if it isnt carried out, Shylock gets his payment of one pound of flesh. Shylock is visualised as the greedy businessman while Antonio is the nice man who tries his luck.Another way Antonio and Shylock are different is their religion based social lieu Antonio is a Christian and Shylock is a Jew.Merchant Of Venice - Antonio And Shylock Free Merchant of Venice Essays William Shakespeare shows how two tradesmen can have completely different lives when others view them differently in the play The Merchant of Venice. In the play, Bassanio, Antonios friend, needs money to pursue his love. They seek a loan from Shylock, a Jewish moneylender in Antonios name. The contract is for three times the value of the bond in three months or else Shylock cuts off a pound of flesh from Antonio. While all this is happening, there are love plots going on. One of which is for Shylocks daughter to elope with Lorenzo, a Christian. Later on, Antonios sou rce of money, his ship, is reported sunken in the English Channel, dooming him to the loss of one pound of his flesh. There is a trial on the bond, and when it seems sure that Antonio will die, Portia, disguised as a doctor of laws legally gets Antonio out of the situation and Shylock recieves harsh penalties. Antonio and Shylock, two similar businessmen of Venice, are viewed differently and are treated oppositely to heighten the drama of the play and mold a more interesting plot.Antonio and Shylock are both successful entrepreneurs in Venice but they both have different attitudes and experiences. When Antonio is asking Shylock for the loan he says, Within these two months thats a month before this bond expires I do expect, return of thrice times the value of this bond. (1.3.169-170). Antonio and Shylock both are well off and successful businessmen. Antonio, being a man who is treats everyone nicely, lends his good name to Bassanio to woo Portia. Shylock on the other hand, could n ever do that and is a very greedy man who asks for three times the value of the loan. Also, Antonio is a risk taker and thinks things will always go the right way for him and his success will continue, which is shown when he accepts the high interest rate and the bizarre payment if the money isnt received. Shylock handles his business straightforward and charges interest because it is his job, although being a very high amount and if it isnt carried out, Shylock gets his payment of one pound of flesh. Shylock is depicted as the greedy businessman while Antonio is the nice man who tries his luck.Another way Antonio and Shylock are different is their religion based social status Antonio is a Christian and Shylock is a Jew.

Lovers :: Personal Narrative Sex Relationships Essays

Lovers My mother went to Barnard on a full scholarship. She commuted from home, two hours a sidereal day on the subway. One night after a Columbia party, she was up a ladder taking down crepe paper when an orange move her on the back of the head. It thumped to the ground and rolled under a stool, where my father knelt to retrieve it. He tossed the orange across the room to a friend his intend target and offered my mother his hand.In my version, she shakes off his attempts to help her down from the ladder. Does not speak to him for months because shes so offended at being hit on the back of the head with the orange. Looks the other way when he passes on the street. Starts dating his roommate. In my version, the roommate cant be there for a get word theyre supposed to start. He has an emergency to deal with a death in the family, a last-minute pinball competition at the pizza place, what have you. My father answers her knock with as much grace and charm as he can muster. Hel lo, he says. Are you here to see Bob?Yes, she says, stepping cautiously over the threshold.He isnt here, my father says. He had to go to a funeral/pinball semi-final/what-have-you.My mother Oh. Of course, she could just step back across the threshold and capture another way to spend her even soing. But in my version she does not. She sits on the couch, tugging her mini skirt to cover more of her nicely shaped legs. My father brings off a basket of butter crackers and wedges of cheese. They talk about politics, literature. Something. What would my parents discuss during their first conversation? Now, after thirty years of marriage, their communication isnt even verbal each speaks through the others eyes. But how did they communicate then, when they were still new?Of course, this night kicked off the ravenous affair that would become my parents marriage. In my version, they could not keep their eyes (or their hands) off each other. They went everywhere in each others company the d ining hall, where my mother sneaked my father in on her meal ticket the library, where he tossed spitballs into her hair the movies, where they nuzzled at the back of the room, my father attempting a hand on her thigh, my mother staring straight ahead, her arms and legs rigid.

Janet Jackson :: Essays Papers

Janet Jackson You kip down shes a Jackson. And you know shes a singer. Of course, you know the girl can dance. You know shes a leading lady in Hollywood. And maybe you still think of her as a cute little girl with a famous exsert name and big , bright eyes. Do you think shes what she was yesterday? Better think again. As many of her other fans and followers already know, the only enunciate that fits her is Janet.Time flies when your having fun and thats the way she wants its. Since the grown Miss Jackson burst upon the music scene in 1986 with Control Selling eight trillion lays and establishing her as a bold, sensual, independent woman, shes been breaking the molds and banishing the stereotypes the world would set for her. Shes not just the cute, little girl- actress we loved on Good Times and Different Strokes or the earnest teen we followed of Fame. Shes not the Jackson familys baby-not any more. Clearly, th e only thing you can safely say about her is that shes Janet.And thats saying a lot. Consider that shes already appeared in basketball team television series, made seven albums, and starred in a major motion picture. Shes sold over 24 million albums worldwide, achieved five Top Five hits from her 1986 record, Control and a record seven Top Five Hits from the 1989 Rhythm Nation 1814 album, four went to no.1. She followed that up with a record breaking world tour, a movie and her self-titled album Janet.You might think that a woman with a pedigree and resume as impressive as this would have had a smooth ride all along. Not so. Says Janet, I went through a great deal of pain from about sixteen to xix and a half Pain that I really wouldnt wish upon anyone. During those years, challenging years for anyone, Janet released two albums, Janet Jackson (1982) and Dream Street (1984). She spent a touchy and lonely year away from her family in New York while appearing in Fame, and by the time she was nineteen, had been through a divorce after a short-lived marriage to James DeBarge of another somewhat less famous singing family, the DeBarge Family.

Defining the Future of Education Essay -- Educating Argumentative Pers

Defining the Future of Education What should be the goals of an elementary education within an progressively diverse population? The simple and limpid answer is that an educational institution should be a place for individuals to learn. The job of the teacher is to issue facts, share methods in which the facts can be learned and model consistent and appropriate behavior. Such behavior should consist of modeling appropriate presentation, cleanliness, respect, methodology, etc. Such a pass is bound to raise many arguments by teachers and the answer will raise many arguments by students. Most of our children, especially grades K-5, are not receiving the simple and obvious answer noted above they are receiving mediocre teaching skills by teachers who are bitterly under-paid, over burdened, and often not credentialed. Mike Roses, Lives on the line (1989), expresses similar views that appear to be quite complex but are attainable. Rose expresses the tremendous admit for embracing the purpose of education. He describes several individuals who create both the social and cognitive ability to step outside the strict confines of tradition and pursue their individual dreams. Rose gives hope and confidence that it is not the students, who are failing, it is the educational system that is failing the students, and particularly those who are ill prepared and lack resources. More often than not, the ability to visualize our potential is confounded in what should be instead than what is. Education needs to be seen as a wonderful experience. The content of any platform should emphasize the process rather than the product and the joy that can be achieved by struggling together. Struggling together is simply an extension of what we... ...any projects based on Gardners theory have been use in classrooms all over the nation and are proving to be extremely advantageous. Schools have the potential to be a very different kind of place. Teachers need to go beyond the principa l and superintendent and talk to each other. Time needs to be allotted where teachers can work cooperatively on issues of curriculum and assessment and foster the development of all forms of thinking. Works CitedBishop, J. Thomas. Enemies of Promise. In the Presence of Others Voices That Call for Response. back Edition. Andrea A. Lundsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. St. Martins Press. New York, 1997. 26-261. Thomas, Lewis. The Hazards of Science. In the Presence of Others Voices That Call for Response. Second Edition. Andrea A. Lundsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. St. Martins Press. New York, 1997. 239.

Defining the Future of Education Essay -- Educating Argumentative Pers

Defining the Future of Education What should be the goals of an elementary education within an more and more diverse population? The simple and frank answer is that an educational institution should be a place for individuals to learn. The job of the teacher is to issue facts, share methods in which the facts can be learned and model consistent and appropriate behavior. Such behavior should consist of modeling appropriate presentation, cleanliness, respect, methodology, etc. Such a gesture is bound to raise many arguments by teachers and the answer will raise many arguments by students. Most of our children, especially grades K-5, are not receiving the simple and obvious answer noted above they are receiving mediocre teaching skills by teachers who are bitterly under-paid, over burdened, and often not credentialed. Mike Roses, Lives on the leaping (1989), expresses similar views that appear to be quite complex but are attainable. Rose expresses the tremendous contend for embraci ng the purpose of education. He describes several individuals who highly-developed both the social and cognitive ability to step outside the strict confines of tradition and pursue their individual dreams. Rose gives hope and confidence that it is not the students, who are failing, it is the educational system that is failing the students, and particularly those who are ill prepared and lack resources. More often than not, the ability to visualize our potential is alienated in what should be quite an than what is. Education needs to be seen as a wonderful experience. The content of any programme should emphasize the process rather than the product and the joy that can be achieved by struggling together. Struggling together is simply an extension of what we... ...any projects based on Gardners theory have been enforced in classrooms all over the nation and are proving to be extremely advantageous. Schools have the potential to be a very different kind of place. Teachers need to go beyond the principal and superintendent and talk to each other. Time needs to be allotted where teachers can work cooperatively on issues of curriculum and assessment and foster the development of all forms of thinking. Works CitedBishop, J. Thomas. Enemies of Promise. In the Presence of Others Voices That Call for Response. moment Edition. Andrea A. Lundsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. St. Martins Press. New York, 1997. 26-261. Thomas, Lewis. The Hazards of Science. In the Presence of Others Voices That Call for Response. Second Edition. Andrea A. Lundsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. St. Martins Press. New York, 1997. 239.

His Excellency George Washington

His Excellency George majuscule His Excellency George capital of the United States, written by Joseph J. Ellis, provides us a look at one of the most influential custody in American history. However, instead of looking at the monumental titan as most did, Ellis wrote about the man behind the monument his successes, failures and desires that few if some(prenominal) have written about before.While not as formal sounding to the reader with many questions and out of the way comments by the author based on opinion instead of fact, like on page 194 where in moment about Washington saying formal etiquette of the levees combined with Washingtons natural dignity (or was it his standoffishness? ) to create. with the content in the parentheses being his own. This statement of his was neither followed up by any fact nor further discussion entirely which is necessary in these situations. Or is it?Ellis spent his book not focusing on the monolith but on the man, dating back to before the Frenc h and Indian war where Washington started to receive recognition for his services, to his death in 1799. Ellis looked past all the brass and silver of his success in the public and thoroughly explored his private and personal life. Ellis multi-colored Washington as a man who focused intently on his bottom line, as seen on page 165 where Ellis describes that the main reason for Washington wanting to get rid of his slaves was not for righteous reasons but for economic reasons, as the slaves were no longer worth the investment.Ellis harped on the fact that only 3 letters of correspondence survived between George and Martha Washington (page 42), which was one of the few times e released his emotions considering his natural stone exterior. Ellis also put considerable effort in to focusing on his home in Mount Vernon which was a centerpiece in Washingtons life. His life was changed forever by his wife Martha who, even though they to begin with married for economic reasons, became a mut ually affectionate bond (Ellis, 42). From the beginning Washington was concerned about his future in the aristocratic- like planter class of Virginia.Being the second son in the family George was not slated to receive his fathers fortune, so he would need to find another career where he could aka one. He got his first Job as a surveyor sent to check on prop up in the Shenandoah Valley (Ellis, 10). It is presumed by Ellis that this is the point at which Washington saw the expansive and untouched land to the west, a driving force behind his ambitions both at the start of the revolution (Ellis, 57) and during his presidency. During his youth, America was a land where most identified themselves as British, Virginian force and worked alongside the British intently during the French and Indian war.However many of the colonists believed they fought the French and Indian war to be allowed to expand west. This thought was extinguished when the proclamation of 1763 was released, inhibition colonist expansion westward. This was one of the starting points where colonists began to feel some resentment to the British Crown, and only snowballed with every act in that locationafter. As more taxes and acts were being move on colonists more and more anger about a lack or representation in parliament began to seep into American politics.Many of the more complete members who wanted full separation/retaliation became to be known as the Whig arty (Ellis, 62). These Whig were inspired by the Country Party (Ellis, 62-63) of England and wanted to establish a republican like government that better represented the colonists in the Americas. As time went on and the revolution ended, while the framing of the constitution took place and there on after, 2 political parties in the United States began to take route. The first major group was the Federalists led by Alexander Hamilton which Washington was a help of.The Federalists are precursors to modern day republicans. On the other ha nd a enormous group of people in the south didnt like the centralist ideas of the Federalists, fearing that the Federalists would annihilate their agriculturally based economies (Ellis, 204-205). These men went on to form the Republican Party, or Anti-Federalists, which is the modern precursor to the Democratic Party. While a member of it Washington hated and despise these 2 parties as he feared it would lead to a deadlock (which we can see today). Many decisions that would affect Americas social future were decided in Washingtons era.A large one, the legality of slaves was one that was with him from the time of the revolution where he considered offering freedom for those who fought for him, until he finally passed away (Ellis, 263). While personally against slavery from a moral stand point later in his life at the beginning he took advantage of slave labor to help create his massive estates that were pivotal to his position in Virginia society. He did have 1 condition however that most slave owners didnt have he would never sell members of a slave family, only the whole family together (Ellis, 258).Joseph J. Ellis created a biography that changed some perspective of Washington. No longer an immovable figure of greatness, he was portrayed as a man who went through hardships, strife, and success, while still keeping his goals and ideals alive. He was a man with a deep capacity for emotion who had learned self-control and was forever and a day looking towards the future. He saw George as a man who would do what it took to get the Job done, and extend his legacy forever. Most importantly, Ellis shed new shine on the man and not the monolith of His Excellency George Washington.

Lab Questions Forensic Science Essay

1. What is the crime that the video focuses on? The crime that the video focuses on is the kidnapping and death of Charles Lindbergh Jr. 2. What evidence did investigators attain about the crime in the 1930s? A homemade ladder left by the perpetrator, it was 8-10 at night when the crime occurred, nobody heard the kid crying from his room, and on that point was a pay off note left at the scene of the crime. 3. What evidence did investigators use to find a suspect? What was found at Hauptmanns home that linked to the crime? One piece of evidence used to find a suspect was the gold certificate money that was prone in the ransom. The stuff found at Hauptmanns home linking him to the crime were $14,000 of the ransom money, a handgun, and other suspicious items. 4. What information does the ladder give rhetorical scientists? Rail 16 of the ladder was identified as cosmos a piece of a floorboard from Hauptmanns attic, linking him to the making of it at his home.5. Why is it believed that Hauptmann had accomplices in the crime? It was believed that Hauptmann had accomplices for this crime because 2/3 of the ransom money was not in his possession as well as Douglass experience as a psychological profiler, commenting that you need multiple offenders who can reinforce individually other psychologically as well as feed off each other to commit a crime such as this, as well as that it was risky to attempt a crime such as the kidnapping and murder of the Lindbergh baby alone. 6. What evidence exists to cast suspicion on caper Knoll? What evidence exists to suggest that he wasnt involved? John was allegedly the name of the man given the ransom at the Bronx cemetery, casting suspicion on him. However, what kind of clears the air for him a little bit is Dr. Condons accounts, which frankly seemed to be somewhat inconsistent, as well as the present day handwriting analysis which makes points to it being unlikely that John Knoll wrote the ransom notes.7. What evidence exi sts to suggest that Charles Lindbergh himself was involved in the kidnapping and death of his son? Do you agree or disagree with this theory? Why? The evidence that patently suggests that Lindbergh was involved was his hatred of the police, his behavior, and the keeping of the ransom notes and meetings secret, making people believe he was hiding something. I dont want to believe that Lindbergh would machinate the kidnapping of his own child, but, in that location is evidence pointing to him doing such a thing, and the biggest piece of it would be his interest in the eugenics movement. There are some people thatwould go to great lengths to try to have the best kid they could (even though the best kid they could have is one that they produced to begin with, anomaly or no anomaly). 8. ground on the evidence presented in the video, what do you conceptualize happened? What evidence supports your theory? Personally, what I believe happened is that the kidnapping of the baby was indee d orchestrated by Charles Lindbergh, and that there were at a minimum three people involved, those being Lindbergh, Knoll, and Hauptmann. I also believe that there was a possibility of more people being involved, frankly, it wouldnt surprise me if more people were involved in this case.Id like to focus on Knoll for a bit. What I think directly links him to the case is the feature that he suddenly came into a large sum of money and was spending it extravagantly, as well as the fact that he remained in Europe until Hauptmann was convicted. While some people could verbalism at that as a coincidence, I dont believe it to be a coincidence, I think that he was laying low in Germany until the trial was over. The next thing I would like to take a relish at is the handwriting analyses. What was found during each analysis of Knoll and Hauptmanns handwritings was that it was unlikely that either of them had been the writers of the ransom note, which I feel supports my theory that chances ar e there were more than just them involved. Its a possibility that Lindbergh himself could have written those notes, if you absolutely think about it.The final thing I want to look at the death itself. I feel like the death itself was an accident, the kidnapping wasnt, but to me, I think death itself was. I can see Lindbergh wanting(p) to get rid of his baby and putting him in an institution because of the fact that he had imperfect genes (as classified by Lindbergh), but to kill ones own baby because of their genetics? That to me doesnt make sense, although, the thought of getting rid of your baby just because they dont have good genes doesnt make sense to me either, I would love my baby no matter what. I dont think Lindbergh wanted his baby dead, just in an institution. The bottom line is this, what I believe happened was an intentional kidnapping and an unintentional homicide with at the very least 3 perpetrators.

History of Calculus Essay

Calculus is an integral part of the mathematics world. Various mathematicians sexual climax from all parts of the world have shaped this theorem but the two main contributors are Sir Isaac Newton and Wilhelm Von Leibniz. The reason they are considered the inventors of Calculus is because they were able to beget a unified approach to tangent and area problems unlike the others who used specific methods. Both of these mathematicians developed general concepts Newton was associated with the fluxion and the fluent as for Leibniz, he produced the differential and the integral.Isaac Newton was a self-taught mathematic student who studied at Trinity College in Cambridge starting in 1661. He shaped his lap up in optics, celestial mechanics and mathematics, including coalition. His early work consisted of Analysis with Infinite Series in 1669 but his most famous work is the Mathematical Principles of Natural ism published in 1687. Newton only introduced his notions of calculus in detail until the years 1704 to 1736.Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was a German who at first, concentrated on the topics of philosophy and virtue but was introduced to advanced mathematics during a brief stay at the University of Jena in 1663. He worked on his calculus from 1673 to 1676 and revealed his work on differential calculus in 1684 with the integral calculus in 1686.There has been much controversy over who deserves the credit for the primary inventor of Calculus. Some say since Newton started his work earlier, Leibniz may have plagiarized some of the work. Others explain that Leibniz worked on his theories alone and published his work before Newton. This rift destroyed Leibniz who left the world with just about no one by his side, while Newton was glorified.It is important to state that Leibniz concepts were easier to use and that the name of the theorem is due to him. He also created the symbols used for differentiation and integration. gratis(p) to say, it is due to both of their incredible work that millions of people have discovered the complex and interesting world of calculus

The characteristics of Judaism

The characteristics of Judaism such as the beliefs, ethics, rituals and ceremonies and sacred texts do have a major impact in many rooms on the adherents and it digests a source of purpose and identity for individuals. It gives meaning and guidance in contemporary situations and therefore it is considered a dynamic, living religion. Beliefs Judaism is a monotheistic faith, meaning that Jews swear there is b arely One paragon. Often this immortal is beyond our ability to comprehend, but God is nevertheless present in our every twenty-four hourslight runs. The covenant is an organisation the Judaic people have with their God.Jews believe that there is only one God, no otherwise being participated in the work of creation and God is the only being to whom they offer praise. The terms of the covenant are summed up in the Ten Commandments that reveal adherents must have a respectful, obedient relationship with God and live harmoniously and respectfully with others. In return God will never abandon his Chosen people and God will provide salvation. Ethnics Judaic adherents estimable beliefs are derived from the 613 mitzvoth that Orthodox Jews believe were given to Moses on Mt. Sinai and taught to the Israelites as they travelled the desert to the Promised Land. Other variants believe they may have also been delivered to other divinely inspired people over time. The 248 positive and 365 negative commandments have been discussed and interpreted throughout the centuries by divinely inspired philosophers and rabbis so that they can provide guidance in every aspect of everyday life. Sacred Texts There are many sacred writings in Judaism, either of which teach Judaisms adherents how to live ethical and moral lives.The writings are a major source of the laws which regulate Judaic life. Jewish sacred writings are read and examine on an ongoing basis by believers. The Jewish holy loudness is the Tanakh, containing the Torah and the prophetic books. The Torah is the most holy book of Judaism. Torah, which means teaching, is Gods revealed instructions to the Jewish People. It is substantial to note that while Torah is generally use to refer to the Five Books of Moses or Pentateuch, it is sometimes used to refer to the basic texts of Judaism in general.In this sense, Torah includes the Torah itself, as well as Midrash, Mishnah, and Talmud, which are the Oral Torah. Ceremonies and rituals There are many sacred ceremonies and rituals in Judaism such as Circumcision (Bris) male Jewish children are circumcised on the eighth day after their birth as a sign of a covenant between Abraham and God.. A Bar mitsvah at the get along with of thirteen, Jewish law considers boys to have reached adulthood. A special service is held in the boys honour, and he is permitted to read from the Torah for the first time.The comparable ceremony for girls is a Bat Mitzvah which varies in religious significance depending on the sect of Judaism. The Sabbath, Rosh Ha shanah, Yom Kippur, the Passover, Shavuot, are all other important ceremonies that are apart of Judaism. The Commandments of the Torah The most important source of ethical guidance for Jews is the Torah which encompasses the Written and Oral Torah. Jewish ethics is derived from the covenantal relationship where they were protected and taught their responsibilities towards God and other people. There are 613 mitzvot 248 positive and 365 negative.The Prophetic Vision The Prophets advocated a pro-active stance to reforming social structures by emphasizing the broad themes of justice, equality and peace during a time when these concepts were of secondary importance compared to observance of law and ritual. The implication of Tikkun Olam is that all individuals have the dual responsibility of rectifying inequalities in society by helping the poor and needy, and acting as a steward by caring for the earth. The book of Wisdom The Book of Proverbs is one of the most significant collections within the genre of Wisdom literature.The Book of Proverbs is a collection of short, pithy statements which offer practical and frank advice on how to lead a moral life and behave prudently. (Wisdom, righteousness, purity, generosity of spirit) Shabbat Of the many observances and practices of Judaism, the Jewish Sabbath or Jewish Shabbat (in Hebrew) is the best known and most commonly practiced. The Jewish Shabbat is a day of rest at the end of the week, beginning on sundown Friday night, and ending on Saturday night, when three stars appear in the sky.It is an eagerly awaited chance for the Jewish people to set aside so many of their common concerns and worries and enjoy higher pursuits. Human beings are called to imitate God who rested on the seventh day after creating the world. Shabbat is the most significant liturgical event of the week. Shabbat reminds the Jewish people of the greatness of God in creating the cosmos. It reminds the Jewish people of the Covenant between God a nd the People of Israel which lies at the heart of Judaism (Exodus 3116). The Jewish Sabbath is a day of celebration as well as one of prayer.It is the only rituals laid down by the Ten Commandments and is considered to be one of the most important ritual observed by the Jewish faith. The day itself is a day of rest and enrichment. The word Shabbat derives from a root word in Hebrew that means to cease, to end, to rest. Intense preparation is needed as the day approaches. Physical preparations include shopping and cleaning, which must be completed so that Shabbat is not interrupted. The meals need to be prepared and the table laid for the Friday evening meal.This is an important family occasion. Before the Friday night meal, the most significant, Kiddush (a blessing) is recited. Many Jews attend synagogue services on Friday night and Saturday morning. Shabbat being over, a plaited candle is lit and hands are spread out towards the light as a third blessing is said. This is a remind er that the first thing God created was light to be used to good purpose. From this is can be concluded that Jews believe that by fulfilling the commandments, they are communicating with God on the Shabbat.They understand the mitzvot to be Gods way of reaching out to people. The Shabbat provides a means of reflecting on these commandments and developing a deeper, joyful relationship with god and family. Conclusion Judaism is a powerful, living religion because it has provided adherents with purpose, meaning, hereditary pattern and identity. Judaism focuses on relationships the relationship between God and man, between God and the Jewish people, between the Jewish people and the land of Israel, and between human beings.The scriptures specify the unwashed obligations created by these relationships, although various movements of Judaism disagree about the nature of these obligations. Some say they are absolute, unchanging laws from God (Orthodox) some say they are laws from God that change and evolve over time (Conservative) some say that they are guidelines that you can choose whether or not to follow (Reform, Reconstructionist). The variants have formed as dissimilar communities have interpreted beliefs and ethics and adapted rituals to meet their needs in different context and because of this Judaism is clearly a dynamic religion.

Advantage and Disadvantage of Offshore Outsource

Benefit of the Offshore Outsource 1) Improve the customer service victimization high-quality specialist external providers can allow companies to capitalize on their strengths and, indirectly, cooperate to improve customers experience of using such companies products or services. External providers can help a companionships competitiveness by delivering greater flexibility and responsiveness than would be available in-ho ingestion. 2) Swiftness and Expertise Most of the times tasks ar sourced to vendors who specialize in their field.The outsourced vendors also have specific equipment, technical expertise, better experience and skills. Most of the times better than the ones at the outsourcing company. Effectively the tasks can be completed faster and with better quality output. 3) Concentrating on stub process rather than the supporting ones Outsourcing the supporting processes gives the company more time to strengthen their core business process. The company will have more time to put more effort, develop ideas and plan the strategies on the core business exertion. ) Risk-sharing Usually the of import factors to outsource the company is risk-analysis. Outsourcing certain business activity process helps the company to shift certain responsibilities to the outsourced vendor. Since the outsourced vendor is a specialist, they plan your risk-mitigating factors better and recommend some(prenominal) method to improve the operations. 5) Reduced Operational and Recruitment costs Outsourcing prevent the need to hire individuals in-house hence recruitment and operational costs can be decreased to a great extent.This is one of the prime advantages of offshore outsourcing to make the company operation cost-effective. The Disadvantages/ Weaknees of Offshore Outsourcing Even though offshore outsourcing gives advantage chiefly on cutting the cost site but the other way offshore outsourcing sometimes bring disadvantage to the company. A company must attain what is the risk to offshore outsourcing to avoid outrage. The disadvantage are 1) Loss of the managerial control Once a company sign a contract to outsource all or several part of the department, the company are turning the managerial function to other company.The managerial control will belong to the diametrical company and its function will not be driven by the same standards and mission of the main company. The outcource company will unless focus on how to gain profit rather than to meets the main objective of the management. 2) Loss of gain knowledge and information When a company outsourcing the business activity, the company will loss the opportunity to get knowledge and information that could benefit other company. Knowledge provide competitive advantage to sustain the strengthness of the company.As a result, when a business activity been given to the other company, the company will have more skills, knowledge regarding to manage the activity. 3) Threat to security and company secr et Data and information cerebrate to the company will given to the outsource company for the operation matter. The information can be threat to the company because the other company can use the information to compete with our company. Most of the outsource company their goals are only to make more profit rather than to follow the objective oforiginal company.At the end, both of the company compete each other to conquer the market. 4) Quality problem The outsourcing company will be motivated by profit. Since the contract will fix the price, the only way for them to increase profit will be to decrease expenses. As long as they meet the conditions of the contract, you will pay. In addition, you will lose the exponent to rapidly respond to changes in the business environment. The contract will be very specific and you will pay extra for changes.